Replicate a Lit Review
You're rebuilding a literature review and want to confirm every cited claim. Upload the seed papers and the assistant verifies each citation, surfacing the ones you'll need to double-check or replace.
Upload a paper. We pull every cited claim out of it and check each one against the source it points to. No highlighting. No tab-juggling. Reviewers, editors, and researchers catch misattributions, broken citations, and unsupported claims at a glance. You also get a clean summary of the paper's thesis, findings, and methods.
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A typical paper cites dozens of sources. Most readers, even careful ones, take those citations on trust. Verify Source flips trust into verification. Upload a PDF. The assistant parses the full text, pulls every entry from the bibliography, and pairs each in-text citation with the actual source behind it. Highlight any sentence in the paper and you get a plain-language read of what the cited paper actually said. And whether it really backs the claim being made.
The whole flow runs on one question. Does this citation actually back this sentence? Select any in-text marker (APA-style parenthetical, IEEE numbered bracket, footnote superscript) and the assistant ties it to the right bibliography entry, looks up the metadata through Crossref, Semantic Scholar, and OpenAlex, and shows a summary of the cited work right next to the paragraph that's citing it. Mismatches get called out explicitly. Overstatements. Bad paraphrases. Claims attributed to the wrong paper.
Citation drift is a real, measured problem. A claim weakens, strengthens, or quietly changes as it travels through successive papers citing each other. Replication studies keep finding that 25–50% of citations in a given paper either mischaracterize the source or point at a paper that doesn't actually support the claim. Better to spot that before you build your own argument on top of someone else's misreading.
You're rebuilding a literature review and want to confirm every cited claim. Upload the seed papers and the assistant verifies each citation, surfacing the ones you'll need to double-check or replace.
Assigned a manuscript to review? Upload the PDF and let the assistant audit the citation chain — saving hours of cross-checking and helping you focus your review on substance.
The "X claimed Y" sentence often morphs into "X proved Y" three citations later. The assistant compares the citing paragraph to the source's actual conclusions, surfacing the drift.
Every reference parsed from the paper becomes a clickable card on the Sources tab. Save the ones you want to read; export the rest as a Works Cited list in your preferred style.
For instructors: walk students through a paper, citation by citation, to demonstrate how to evaluate whether a source actually supports the argument it's deployed to support.
"I know this paper has a perfect quote about X — but where is it?" Highlight the topic in the paper, and the assistant pulls the most relevant passages and pairs them with the citations they make.
The reference parser is style-agnostic. APA (author-date), MLA (containers), Chicago (notes-and-bibliography or author-date), Harvard, IEEE numbered brackets, Vancouver superscripts, ACS, AMA, and most journal-specific variants. Footnote-style citations (Chicago, ASA Sociological) get paired to bibliography entries by number. If a paper uses an unusual house style we've never seen, the assistant parses what it can and flags the rest for manual review.
Both. Looking up the source (resolving the in-text marker to the bibliography entry, pulling the canonical metadata) happens automatically on upload. Verifying a claim is something you trigger. Highlight a sentence or paragraph and the assistant summarises what the cited source actually said, compares it to the citing paragraph, and flags overstatements, misattributions, and claims the source doesn't support.
PDFs are the primary format and work best. Scanned PDFs are fine too; OCR runs automatically. Plain-text and DOCX uploads also work, though scanned-image content inside a DOCX container will give you thinner reference parsing. For arXiv pre-prints and PubMed papers, paste the DOI or arXiv ID directly. No upload needed.
High 90s on well-formatted bibliographies in any major style. The hard cases are scanned PDFs with bad OCR, papers in non-Latin scripts, and house styles that mix numbered and author-date conventions in the same paper. The Sources tab always shows the raw parsed string next to the structured fields, so anything that needs a manual fix is obvious.
Yes. From the Sources tab, hit "Export to library" to push every parsed reference into your Works Cited library, or send the list to the Bulk Citation Converter to reformat the whole bibliography in a different style. A common workflow: parse a paper's references, restyle them to match your manuscript, drop them into your own Works Cited.
The reference parser handles Latin-script bibliographies in any language. Spanish, French, German, Portuguese, the rest. Claim verification (comparing the paper's wording to the source's wording) is strongest for English sources, because the underlying summarisation model is. Non-English source coverage keeps improving but isn't at parity yet.
Books with ISBNs from major publishers resolve cleanly through Crossref and OpenAlex, full bibliographic record returned. Edited-volume chapters resolve when the chapter has its own DOI; otherwise you get the parent book's metadata. Older books without modern indexing return whatever the assistant can recover from the citation string itself.
PDFs are processed in memory and discarded the moment the parsing run completes. We don't retain the document, the extracted text, or your highlights beyond the active session. Need stricter handling? An unpublished manuscript under embargo, say. Email us and we'll walk you through the privacy controls. The full privacy policy has the rest.
10 free credits on signup and 3 free credits per day each time you log in. Parsing references is cheap. Verifying a highlighted claim costs a few credits per check, depending on how much context the agent needs. Top-up packs live on the pricing page. Credits don't expire.
If you don't have the full paper in front of you, paste an individual citation into the Citation Checker to confirm the source exists and the metadata is accurate.
Verify Source verifies citations that are already in the paper. To find a source for a claim that isn't cited, use Find Source instead.
The Sources tab feeds directly into the Bulk Citation Converter. Reformat an entire reference list from MLA to APA, or any of 10,000+ styles, in one click.
Once the references are verified, the summarization guide walks through extracting the key claims and methods without losing nuance.
Reading dozens of papers and pulling out the citation chains is the first step. Our guide to writing a literature review walks through what to do with what you find.
Once you've verified what the source actually says, the next risk is unintentional plagiarism in your own draft. Read How to Paraphrase Without Plagiarizing to stay safe.
Once the references are verified and the claims are clear, drop your draft into the Writing Assistant to refine the prose without losing the meaning of the original sources.
If you paraphrase straight from a passage you just read, run the rewrite through the Plagiarism Checker to make sure the new wording is genuinely your own.
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